The joint injection simulator represents an affordable teaching aid that allows students to repeatedly practice this skill in their own time with immediate feedback. Students rated the learning experience with the cadaver and simulator group high and with the textbook group low.
There was no significant difference between groups for performing a distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint injection correctly. The proportion of students performing a metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint injection correctly was significantly higher in the cadaver (93%) and simulator (76%) groups compared to the textbook group (50%). Students' ability to perform joint injections was tested and students' opinions were evaluated with a questionnaire. To validate the simulator, 45 veterinary students were allocated to three groups: cadaver limb, textbook, or simulator. If the students placed the needle into the joint correctly, instant auditory feedback was provided by the buzzer. An electrical circuit including a buzzer, a battery, wire wool in the joints, and a hypodermic needle at the end of the cable was incorporated. The simulator was constructed around an equine forelimb skeleton with soft tissues rebuilt using building foam and rubber bands. We hypothesized that the simulator will enhance student ability and confidence in performing joint injections. The aim of this study was to design and validate an equine joint injection simulator. However, opportunities for veterinary students to practice this skill are often scarce in veterinary curricula. Performing joint injections is hence an essential skill for equine practitioners. Joint injections are commonly used in equine practice for diagnosis and treatment of joint disorders.
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